Thursday, February 28, 2019

Ma in Management †Strategic Analysis Module Essay

SAA 1 Evaluating the Suit energy of EasyJets dodgingEasyJets living strategy can be characterised as meek price/low value added (route 1 on the strategy clock) concentrating on Luton and Liverpool hubs ( non the main UK airports) and targeting routes with bitty direct competition from other airlines (which builds up elements of access and variety establish positioning).EasyJet processed the major environmental change that resulted from the initial liberalisation of the EU airline market. The attractiveness of this low appeal strategic group deep down the market has brought in bare-assed competitors (like BAs GO) so the fabrication structure is changing. EasyJets decision to buy untested aircraft and open untested routes can be seen as an attempt to pre-emptively protect and build on their watercourse position. The deals with Geneva airport and TEA also allow them to exploit an EU open skies agreement with Switzerland if finalised using the same strategic get down.The strategy is largely expanding upon real capabilities in operating a low cost airline. Expanding the fleet of aircraft potentially tosss cost efficiency advantages in terms of economies of surmount and scope across a bigger pattern of routes. Standardising on new Boeing 737-300s and 737-700s should also help minimise operational costs as easy as the purchase economies from the deal (discounts). Other parts of the value stove are also consistent with this low cost approach supply at Luton rather than a more expensive location (although not mentioned in the illustration the HQ is pared down to a minimum to write out overheads. Aircraft maintenance is also contracted out). As EasyJet is privately owned consequently the massive increase in gearing implied by the financing of new aircraft is perhaps less unattractive to investors than would be the case if the follow was public.Ideally, it would be helpful to withdraw more training on EasyJets current value chain and its capab ilities to deliver the low cost approach. The big strategic issue to be resolved is the extent to which their current positioning is invulnerable if they start to expand with risks from competitor reaction, perhaps from airlines previously unaffected by their strategy and the capabilities of EasyJet to deliver the same strategic approach on five-times the scale.SAA 2 Evaluating the Acceptability of Easyjets strategyThe risks of the new strategy are related to the extent of blowup both strategically in terms of their ability to deliver on a bigger scale (a five-fold expansion of operations) and financially in terms of the impact of long-term gearing (loans from the curses). Their existing capabilities in this type of business (they were one of the first in Europe) and the potential substance abuse of equipment trust certificates to re-finance the purchase at a later date world power help.There are few details about the potential returns in the illustration, but this seems to be an expanding sector in which EasyJet already has an established position. It seems to make for strategic sense in terms of both protecting their existing position and creating the potential to exploit new opportunities (Switzerland) but more information on projected passenger volumes and revenues would help in assessing both returns and risks (e.g. ROCE, NPV, payback and break-even).As a privately owned airline then the number of key stakeholders is at least reduced by not having shareholders, Stelios Haji-Ioannou is the owner and chief executive. However, the banks are going to be particularly interested in the company given their exposure in terms of gearing though they should be supportive providing the revenue flows increase as planned disposed(p) the leanness of the organisation then the employees are likely to have a strong input. Governments are likely to be supportive of EasyJets approach as it encourages competition though some may have imminent ties to national f lag carriers who are potential competitors.SAA 3 Evaluating the Feasibility of EasyJets strategyEasyJet has built up experience as a victorious low cost airline and the proposed strategy is an extension of existing capabilities. The heathenish web of the organisation is also not likely to see major changes and create problems of managing implementation. The question is whether the system can be stretched into a five-fold expansion.The expansion into Switzerland, with the deals with Geneva airport and TEA, including the switch to Boeing 737s, would seem to be strategically conscious given the potential open skies agreement. The alliance, with an option to acquire TEA, should also offer synergies whilst reducing the risks of further stretching the existing EasyJet system.Financing is a major issue for this strategy the cash flow for the aircraft deposit and long-term bank loans may indicate adequate financial resources, but conclusions depend upon an mental test of this part of the deal in terms of impact on the companys capital structure (gearing) and cash flow projections. Given the banks have leant the money then some judgements can be implied but, in practice, this would be a critical part of the overall strategy evaluation.

Madness in Love in William Shakespeare Essay

Madness in Love in William Shakespe bes ordinal Night There are many definitions for warmth, but there are also many definitions for tomfoolery. Both words, when joined together, create an endless possibility of emotions and actions one fuck bare to hold for the sake of an a nonher(prenominal). Madness can be described as precedentless folly. When a psyche is in contend with another, they tend to define their feelings of passionate affection for this other person. Shakespeares concept was to involve some of his characters with this feeling.In duodecimal Night, fierceness is created by the misconception and misunderstanding overdue to love. Mainly, it is said that Love is one of the just about significant types of dementia. It leads to causes like confusion and chaos in mind, mentality, and behavior. In the Twelfth Night, the Duke Orsino f exclusivelys madly in love with Olivia. Orsino describes his love towards Olivia deeper than he could imagine, So full of shapes is f ancy, that it alone is high fantastical. Orsino loses his focus on cosmos as he says For such as I am all true lovers are.Unstaid and skittish in all motions else, save in the invariant image of the creature, that is beloved. (P. 34) The only thing that is real for him at the moment is anything that has to do with his beloved creature, the beautiful Olivia. We also see Olivias senseless acts come to play as she finds herself smitten after her first coppice with Cesario I do I know not what, and fear to find. mine eye too great a flatterer of my mind. What is decreed moldiness be and be this so (P.24) Olivia finds herself unable to think properly because she is so distracted and flustered by the attractive looks of Cesario. Another interpretation could be that Olivias affection has been taken and used up by Cesario due to the loss of her brother and she refuses to share her love with anyone else. Later on in the play Malvolios madness changes from the conjure of being madly in l ove and committing crazy acts of devotion to the state of being in madness or chaos because of the misunderstanding of the situation.He thinks it was Olivia who wrote the trick note when it was in reality Maria, Toby, and Andrew who tried to trick him. They created a garner, pretending to be Olivia, telling Malvolio what allow make her happy. The letter did not even state that it was Olivia, but because Malvolio was arouse to gain her favor he jumped to the conclusion that it was her. Malvolios infatuation for Olivia was so great it clouded his ability to think properly. Daylight and champion discovers not more , is Malvolios first comment as he correct reading.He was so desperate to please Olivia and gain her love, he jumps dependable to the conclusion that she wrote the letter for him. The little acts of devotion Maria mentioned in the letter were so absurd Malvolio was willingly ready to fulfill all of them I do not now fool myself, to let imagination hack writer me, for e very reason excites to this, that my lady love me. I will be strange, stout, in yellow stockings, and cross-gartered, even with the swiftness of putting on. (P. 44) Malvolio enters into a state of madness and confusion because he feels no one else knows what he is talking about.Whether madness was created due to acting foolishly because of an infatuated feeling or acting with intense emotion over someone you really sustentation about, all these situations were because of love. In the words of Friedrich Nietzsche, there is always some madness in love. But there is also always some reason in madness. Shakespeares characters Orsino, Olivia, and Malvolio, all had a cause for their madness, and it was because of their love for somebody else. Sometimes it is a feeling that comes over you that you think is love but it doesnt have to mean that it is simultaneously true.

Wednesday, February 27, 2019

Synthetic Marijuana: the Legal Way to the Grave

Synthetic Narcotics- Georgias Growing Epidemic As if teaching our y tabuh about the dangers of drugs isnt hard enough, now we admit comp some(prenominal)s manufacturing a synthetic tier of Marijuana, commonly referred to as Spice or K-2. These companys target our spring chicken by packaging it colorful, shiny packets and giving cool names like prank monkey or purple passion. They label these packages herbal incense and not for human consumption in an attempt to hide its mean use and avoid FDA regulations, yet for one package containing 5 grams it be on average $15. 9-$21. 99. Thats pretty expensive for an propagate freshener. In 2011, 14. 4 percent of 12 graders admitted to experimenting with synthetic marijuana. Just last March, 16 year old honor student, and star soccer player from Fayette County, Ga. cross Burnett died shortly after experimenting with this drug. This had law makers act quick and enact Chases equity , Georgia House Bill 370, which made this drug a scroll 1 Controlled Substance and a felony to purchase, possess and distribute any form of this substance. Once this bill was signed by Gov.Nathan Deal, it took about 24 hours for constabulary agencies, mine being one, to conduct search warrants all over vacuum tube Atlanta to get this deadly drug pip the shelves. Although now illegal, and in truth so, there argon many retail stores, smoke shops and gas post that still sell the drug all over Georgia and more or less the Metro Atlanta area. As quick as officers take it off the shelves, its being replaced just as fast. Shop owners feel its a violation of their civil rights and use excuses like we cant control what customers do with what they buy or they tell officers they didnt bang it was illegal, its just incense.If they didnt know it was illegal and didnt think they were doing anything wrong, why do they keep it hidden behind the counter, out of sight and locked up? Why are they charging so much silver for something that normally would cost about $2, if really used as an air freshener? These, as well as many more questions have been raise by not only Law Enforcement, but parents as well. As consumers, the best way to stop these shops and gas stations from selling this to our youth is stop buying your gas or any other items at these locations. Its now and always will be about the money.Once they fill customers going across the street to get gas, they will get the hint. other way businesses are being put on notice is let them know that their business license will be revoked if caught selling these and any other illegal substances from their stores. With the new laws enacted and parents working together with Law Enforcement, we are starting to get a tighter grip on this fast increment epidemic that is plaguing are children. References Whitehouse. gov/ondcp http//georgia. gov/blog/2012-08-20/banning-synthetic-marijuana

Role of Nurses in Gestational Diabetes

The role of nurses in gestational diabetes. (DIABETES CARE)(Brief Article) Journal of Diabetes Nursing whitethorn 1, 2003 Assignment 2 Research studies, recently conducted in America, have build that government activityn and exercise play an strategic role in predisposing a woman for gestational diabetes (GD). This study comp ard the assess of insulin interposition and peri indigenous solvent in women with gestational diabetes under endocrinologist-based versus diabetes nurse-based metabolic management. A total of 244 participants real endocrinologist-based c ar and 283 participants reliable diabetes nurse-based c be.A retrospective analysis was carried out comparing maternal(p) characteristics, rate of insulin treatment and perinatal insulin requirements, in comparison with those who had used diet and exercise as a controlling factor for their diabetes. Pregnancy imposes a great measuring rod of stress on most bodily functions and it is certain(p) that glucose metabolism is no exception. gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a type of diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy, distinct from the stipulate that already existed.It is defined as a glucose intolerance of variable degrees with attack or first recognition during pregnancy it will gener in on the wholey set out in the latter half of the pregnancy and will improve by and by delivery (Colman, 2004). Gestational Diabetes is gener aloney not dangerous to either experience or fetus. The disease itself is usually mild and til now asymptotic all the same there is an developmentd incidence of foetal and perinatal complications (Guthrie & adenylic acid Guthrie, 2004). In addition, if an unreasonable amount of shekels is allowed to circulate in the m other(a)s blood and because to enter the fetal circulation, potential problems for both mother and baby are serious.The mothers pancreas works overtime to produce insulin, but it is not enough to lower blood sugar levels. Glucose will then cross t he placental barrier, increasing work on the pancreas of the fetus, which uses insulin to convert the glucose into heftiness. The baby has more(prenominal) energy than is requisite so it converts this energy into fat stores, resulting in large birth weight babies and all the problems that bottom be associated with that (http//diabetes. org). At each visit to the doctor a assay of pissing is taken, this is then political campaigned for glucose levels.Sugar in the urine may be the first indications of Gestational Diabetes. Also, during the fifth month a glucose tolerance test is now a routine test for pregnant women. A Glucose security deposit Test is when the women provide a blood sample taken onward and after consuming a glucose drink, glucose levels >9. 0mmol/l indicate Gestational Diabetes is present. moreover this may be performed earlier on someone who is considered as macrocosm at risk (Colman, 2004). The incidence of gestational Diabetes has increased a remarkabl e amount, between35% and 59%, over the past ten yrs (http//diabetes. rg). Studies have prime that the figures have testifyn an alarming incline in the amount of women creation diagnosed with this gestational Diabetes. It is now believed that between 2 and 12% of pregnant women suffer from Gestational Diabetes (Guthrie & Guthrie, 2002). Testing has now become routine for pregnant mothers, so it is being discovered earlier in the pregnancy and as a result is now being treated much sooner. Because of this routine interrogation the chance of miscarriage and perinatal loss has been greatly reduced.The survival rate of these infants has increased from less than 70% a few years past to nearly 98% now, a figure which has only come most through care specializing in diabetes in pregnancy, routine testing of all pregnant women and the best care available (Guthrie & Guthrie, 2002). Even though gestational Diabetes is now being discovered more often and being medically controlled a woman who has had Gestational Diabetes will have a much higher chance of develop diabetes later in life.If insulin was inevitable as treatment, there is a 50% chance of diabetes within 5years, and even if the diabetes was dietary controlled there is still a 60% chance of developing diabetes within 10-15 years (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2007-08). With these alarming figures it is obvious that further intellectual of the treatment and control of gestational diabetes is necessary. From the whole look of appli bungholets, lookers then divide participants into stratified samples containing those who were at risk for gestational Diabetes and those who had no kn let predisposing factors.Each of these strata was then further divided into halves, with one half continuing their usual day-by-day activities and progress through the pregnancy with current medical assistance available. The other half of the group was compulsory to stick to a strict regime of healthy diet and exerci sing at least once a week, more if they wish. There was an initial interview conducted between the 6-12 week headwayedness of pregnancy, during the first trimester, to consider that the required learning is placid and any info can be supplied and ensure that is understood.The interview incorporated data from the year prior to conception and continued until 2 months following the births of the children. All participants were required to test daily their Blood Glucose Level (BGL) and also test their urine for sugar and record their findings. While there would be an occasional increase in glucose levels during pregnancy, persistently high levels would indicate Gestational Diabetes and a Glucose valuation reserve Test was conducted. Weekly follow ups were conducted to ensure all information was preserve accurately, and also permitted time for the participant to discuss any concerns that had arisen.However pregnancy requires a number of checkups, increasing towards the later tri mester, so data was also collected through the ante natal clinics. After delivery another Glucose tolerance Test was performed to evaluate for preexisting Diabetes and it also allowed time for any complications for the new-sprung(a) to arise. For the purpose of this study I feel that a larger number would be required to make certain that there would be women who are at risk, have had gestational diabetes and have never suffered from this condition before, and would also allow for the inevitable elimination of some of the participants.This was a quantitative research process, there was a need to interview, assess and gather personal information on the study participants. Some participants may deem this an invasion of privacy. To ensure that no emotional or psychological damage occurs to the participants it would be super important to ensure that there would be the strictest confidentiality with the information provided and that it would only be shared with those who require the da ta.The aim of this research is to understand whether gestational Diabetes can be avoided all together, or whether it can be treated more effectively, providing a better health outcome for the fetus and mother. By providing conclusions, which attain society, the principle of Beneficence can be achieved (Roberts and Taylor, 2002). An even more unfavorable consideration is the health and well being of the participants. All women are naturally concerned that their baby will be healthy and normal a researcher must be able to ensure that no molest will come to the mother or child.The principle of non-malfeasance, makes certain that no injury will occur to either mother or fetus, that the participants are not exploited in any way and that the benefit to the society outweighs any risk that may be present (Roberts and Taylor, 2002). At all times, the participants were treated with respect, confidentiality and their physical and mental welfare was maintained. The most important point to remember here is effective communication, the participants understood exactly what was being researched, and they received accurate information on when, where, how, why and who.They were given education sessions on how to use any of the equipment that had been supplied. The equipment used were Urine dipstick and BGL machine, requiring only a depleted amount of training to make sure they were used properly. As the researcher, it is important to be fine and clear about this information to ensure that participants show up, on time and at the right place. (Roberts and Taylor, 2002). By incorporating the interviews and research into their ante- natal care visits, which would normally take place the researchers avoided any complications arising from data collection.Participants were required to provide accurate, detailed and correct information on their experiences for the research to be valid and have any true meanings. This requires a great amount of trust on the researcher behalf. By ensuring that the participants understood the importance of this study, for their own health as well as the wider community, it would be hoped that the participants would record precise information. For many people, being diagnosed with gestational diabetes can be upsetting. Treatment for gestational diabetes substantially reduces adverse perinatal outcomes and improves maternal quality of life.Optimal proven treatment for gestational diabetes includes review by a diabetes educator, dietitian and physician, with insulin used if glycaemic targets are not achieved with dietary control alone. Screening for gestational diabetes should be offered to all pregnant women. Maternity service providers should ensure that adequate resources are employ to the detection and treatment of gestational diabetes.References Australian Bureau of Statistics. National wellness Survey, 2007-08 http//www. abs. gov. au 10/04/10 Colman, M. 2004, Diabetes and you An owners Manual, Diabetes Australia, Melbour ne. Diabetes Australia. Diabetes and Pregnancy, http//diabetes. org/gestational-diabetes 05/04/10 Guthrie, D. A. & Guthrie, R. A. , 2004, Nursing Management of Diabetes Mellitus Fifth Edition, Springer Publishing Company, New York. Roberts, K. L. & Taylor, B. J. , 2002, Nursing Research Processes An Australian Perspective, 2nd Ed. , Nelson Thomas Learning, Southbank, VIC. The role of nurses in gestational diabetes. DIABETES CARE, Journal of Diabetes Nursing, May 1, 2003

Tuesday, February 26, 2019

The Spearheading Commitments of Goldsmith

The spearheading commitments of Goldsmith (1969), Mckinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973) in regards to the connection among budgetary progression and fiscal development has remained a vital hold out of level headed discussion in creating economies.The hypothetical contention for connecting silver related to rise to development is that an every last(predicate) told around created coin related framework plays out a fewer basic capacities to upgrade the effectiveness of intermediation by diminishing data, exchange, and observe costs. An advanced silver related framework advances speculation by recognizing and support capacious business openings, activates reserve funds, screens the execution of administrators, empowers the exchanging, supporting, and expansion of hazard, and encourages the trade of merchandise and ventures.These capacities result in a more effective scattering of assets, in a more fast collection of physical and human capital, and in quicker mechanical advanc e, which thus bolster monetary development Creane, et al. (2004). The commodious majority of the writing has fundamentally centered around the part of macroeconomic steadiness, disparity, pay and riches, institutional betterment, ethnic and religious decent variety and notes related market imperfections.1 Among these components the part of budgetary markets in the development mathematical operation has gotten significant consideration. In this system, money related advancement is considered by m all financial analysts to be of central significance for beget development. Especially, government confinements on the saving money framework, for example, loan fee roof, high hold necessities and duplicate credit programs block money related improvement and diminish let development Mckinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973).The early commitments because of Mckinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973) hypothesize that the administration mediation in the valuing and distri stillion of loanable assets obstru cts budgetary restraint chiefly discouraging genuine financing costs. Governments atomic number 18 looked with just restricted alternatives, for example, inflationary financing, in this manner much save crumbling the genuine financing cost. Mckinnon underlines that the request whats more, fitting sequencing of budgetary changes in the money related argona would be much more compelling erst value adjustment has occurred.Truth be told, budgetary improvement is non desolate a component of changing money related instruments but rather predictable macroeconomic strategy bundle involving a screen ski bindingground of strategies, including brief money related market supervision keeping in mind the end goal to screen credit value of borrowers and to confine a strategic distance from bends, for example, moral perils and unfavorable selection.2 The endogenic development writing stresses the impact of budgetary markets on financial growth.3 Benhabib and spiegeleisen (2000) contend that a positive relationship is normal between monetary advancement and aggregate factor efficiency development and speculation. In any case, their outcomes argon exceptionally touchy to display particular. Moreover, Beck, et al. (2000) locate that money related advancement has a huge and positive effect on tally up to factor profitability, which bolsters through to in general Gross home(prenominal) product development Neusser and Kugler (1998).Various scholars have underscored the part of budgetary improvement in better distinguishing venture openings, lessening interest in liquified however inefficient resources, activating investment funds, boosting mechanical advancement, and enhancing hazard taking. The issue with the past investigations is that a positive connection between budgetary advancement and yield development can live for various reasons. As yield builds the interest for money related administrations increments as well, this thusly has a undecomposed outcome on money related advancement. Robinson (1952) contends that all things considered, it is by all accounts the case that where undertaking drives corroborate streams. Kuznets (1955) states that monetary advertise starts to develop as the thriftiness approaches the middle phase of the development process and grow at a time the economy ends up develop. Lucas (1988) states that the significance of budgetary issues is severely overemphasized while Chandavarkar (1992) observe that none of the pioneers of improvement financial aspects Even rundown fund as a factor of advancement Luintel and Khan (1999).Consequently the interest for the circumstantial kinds of monetary administrations produced by monetary development.Many observational examinations have researched the connection between budgetary profundity, characterized as proportion of aggregate bank store liabilities to superficial GDP and monetary development. In any case, the outcomes are equivocal. The examinations in guess of the cross segment and board discipline discover beneficial outcomes of money related advancement on yield development a great many re stateing different determinants of development and in addition for potential inclinations initiated by synchronization, overlooked factors and imperceptibly nation particular impact on the back development nexus.5 On the other hand, the investigations in view of the time position information give opposing outcomes.Demetriades and Hussein (1996) discover the confirmation that back is a main factor during the time spent monetary development. They to boot found that for most of the nations, causality is bi-directional, while at times money related improvement relieve oneselfs after monetary development. Luintel and Khan (1999) utilized a test of ten less created nations and inferred that the causality between money related improvement and yield development is bi-directional for all nations. At long last, contemplates, which take a gander at the structure and we llsprings of organization back, likewise finish up that the advancement of the money related area encourages the development of corporate cleavage Rajan and Zingalas (1996).Every one of these outcomes demonstrate that an agreement on the part of budgetary improvement during the time spent financial development does not exist up until this point. The part of money related factor in financial improvement of Pakistan isnt well inquired about. This investigation is an endeavor to fill this hole. The target of the present contemplate is to look at the connection between budgetary advancement and monetary development in Pakistan for the period 1971-2004. We additionally look at the auxiliary solidness of the back development relationship within the thought of monetary segment reforms?which were indispensable piece of the advancement procedure of the economy started in mid 1990.The significant segments of the money related part changes determine with the deregulation of the business ban ks loaning rates, bringing down of their save prerequisites and the entry of prudential controls and gauges extensively alongside the lines suggested by the Basle Committee on Banking Supervisions.6 any(prenominal) is left of the paper is sorted out as takes after. Segment II outline the monetary part changes in Pakistan. Demonstrate determination and information issues are exhibited in Segment III. Econometric strategy and observational discoveries are given in Section IV, while some closing comments are given in the last segment.

How to achieve peace in Pakistan Essay

Pakistan was founded. Pakistan was built to fulfill the compulsions of the Muslim community by providing them jibeity, Justice and freedom. However, soon enough it failed to fulfill the promises it had made to its society olibanum instability, restlessness and wretchedness reigned throughout the nation. Achievement of calm in Pakistan is real the desire of e precise follow Pakistani or at to the lowest degree a ample majority of them. To devise a proper strategy we need to analyze and understand the causes f unrest and chaos in Pakistan.Factors causing disturbance in Pakistan can be categorized in internal and external factors. Internals factors consist of loving, economic, political and administrative whereas external factors argon related to regional instability and planetary so-called war on terror involving Kashmir, Iran, Afghanistan and Baluchistan. For achievement of peace and stability we need to address the huge gap between haves and have nots. Firstly socially, the re seems to be a huge gap between the different classes within the country.A large majority when sees a small minority enjoying a very luxurious life style they naturally rebel and resort to unlawful activities to become well-fixed overnight. We can say this is a poor vs. rich tension, which disturbs the peace of society in various ways such as crime and law breaking. Secondly, politically, in Karachi different political parties have build up wings. Karachi beingness the biggest city has greater influence. Respective political leaders nourish crimes of members of these gangs.While political leaders re enjoyingi government position at the same time they ar patronizing criminals, murderers, target killers, extortionists and land grabbers. Thirdly, economically, Karachi being port city and major economic hub affects Pakistan. One day of knock against and unrest in Karachi costs billion of rupees to national exchequer. Lastly, on the administrative side, law enforcement agencies are plagued by corruption. They are packed with cronies of influential tribe along with lack of proper training and sufficient resources.In about cases sources of trouble and unrest outnumber civil law nforcement agencies. Furthermore criminals are able to get relief from tax and justice procedures. They can regular(a) intimidate eyewitnesses and thus obstruct dispensation of Justices. This further erodes confidence of populace on the prevailing system and thus increases unrest and instability. Therefore, to achieve peace we need to address all these issues immediately. The first step should be to break the culpable cycle of illiteracy, poverty and disease by providing educational and health facilities and equal Job opportunities on merit.We have to uplift standard of general public through a fair system based on social Justice by educating general public through print and electronic media about the responsibilities and rights of a citizen. Law enforcement agencies need to be r evamped by selecting officers and cadres on merit, proper training and equipping them with latest equipment and technology and where necessary paramilitary organisation forces can be used to assist them. A fair and sprightly Justice system, which ensures that troublemakers are taken to task without ny delay, should be formed.Similarly, on the international front we have to get out of Afghan war. We should not stand proxy wars to be fought in our territory. In KPK and Baluchistan political reconciliation is call for since administrative measures alone have failed to give desired results. To sum up, peace in Pakistan cannot be achieved in bullet but a align of social, economic, political and administrative system could help our country to gradually guide towards the right path and a path towards stability.

Monday, February 25, 2019

Nutrition Behavior Change Project Essay

Keeping up a behavior can be hard, the motivation must write out from within. For the past 23 age I pretend been striving to mixture and succeed, by the twenty-second of October, in two specific nutritional behavior goals. adept of them was to br havehing in at least 30 grams of quality on week twenty-four hour periods and at least 25 grams on weekends. The other was to reduce my atomic occur 11 inhalation by a quarter, on weekdays, of what it was per day and reduce it by an eighth on weekends. This pre comparisonation all started much or less a week before my 23 days of transformation. In the three beginning days I tracked my diet and found that my low fiber and postgradu consume atomic number 11 consumptions were eye-opening problems. My average fiber intake per day rested at 21.18g, which was epochally lower than my goal of 38g per day. As this issue arose so did my sense that multiple aspects of my health were at risk. For example, my low fiber intake could com e on me in danger of developing heart disease.Fiber nutrients reduce the come about of disease like heart disease, diabetes, and many other frightful illnesses. In addition, foods that consist of fiber provide a feeling of fullness without additional calories being added to a diet. As for my Sodium intake, I was recommended a show of 1500mg a day but I was actually devouring a skyrocketing 3959.4mg a day. Without thinking twice I knew I had to defend significant behavior assortments. Concerning my towering sodium intake, I found that high sodium consumption makes the body preserve more water, which can raise the countercurrent volume and, in turn, increase blood obligate. Considering my high blood pres authentic it would be essential and crucial to lower my sodium intake. Fortunately, the data gathered demonstrated that the amount of sodium I have been taking in each day has been playing a role in my promote blood pressure. After reviewing this data and conducting research o n these two nutrients I felt very serious about changing my dieting behaviors.In which case, relative to the Stages of Change/Transtheoretical Model of behavior change, at the start of this hold I was most certainly in the preparation pointedness. I began with a determined attitude that would alleviate me change my current behaviors within a month. To change my behavior I madegoals to reach by the 22nd and used strategies that would help me to complete my SMART goals. For example, I made sure that I controlled my environment by buying reaping and other strong snacks instead of un sun-loving snack foods. I also had peer co-occurrence from my roommate who reminded me when I was snacking unhealthily to instead snack on a banana or apple. My excellent preparation skills granted me mastery in my dietetical behavior goals.Overall I feel confident that I have succeeded in changing my behaviors. Everyday I have been conscious of my fiber and sodium goals. Rarely did I go eat desp atch campus. I consistently ate lunch at the Hanwell dinning hall, except for 1 day when I was sick and in bed, and I always ate dinner party party at Smith dinning hall. Hanwell and Smith provide a great plectron of fruit and mixed color, so everyday I could eat my essential bowl of fruit for lunch and required dinner salad. I didnt eat a salad or a bowl of fruit on solely one day, however, I felt very ill that day. Also, since I only had Gatorade, juice and water with my meals, my sodium level decreased substantially.My regular(prenominal) day consisted of eating microwavable breakfasts with juice in the dorm, lunch at Hanwell and dinner at Smith. My achievement in changing my supporting behaviors was due to safekeeping up with my tracking sheet. In turn, I increased my fiber intake to 34.34g on weekdays and 26.61g on weekends. This data exceeded my goal of fiber intake on both weekdays (30g or more) and weekends (25g or more). My sodium intake also exceeded the par weekdays I consumed 2841.32mg a day and 3303.9mg a day on weekends.With committedness comes success and in order for me to stay dedicated I inevitable to construct thought out strategies. A strategy that contributed the most to my carry through goals was to eat off campus only two times a week. ordinarily I saved eating out for the weekends but eating on campus made it easy to make healthy choices. For instance, when I ate off campus for lunch on the 9th my sodium intake was 1324.22mg for that single meal and when I ate lunch on campus on the 29th, a weekday, my sodium was less(prenominal) than half the sodium of the off campus meal I ate on the 9th. Another strategy that helped my success was my use of environment control. I halt buying junkfood and ended up snaking on fruit, in particular bananas, and occasionally canned beans. In turn, I increased my fiber above my weekday and weekend intake goal. These two strategies acted as a spine to my success in my goals.Even though I was very successful in my goals, I faced two major bulwarks in the process. Finding a way to eat healthy on weekends was a huge restraint with my busy soccer schedule. Breakfast is easy to make but lunch and dinner is very difficult to attend due to afternoon practices and dark games. The weekends on average encouragemented up my sodium about 600mg higher than the weekdays nevertheless, I still fulfilled my sodium intake goal. I knew weekends would create a problem even before I started the project because its been an ongoing issue since school started. Furthermore, time was also a complicated barrier to work around. Time is a common barrier when trying to eat healthy, be more active or simply going about a routine.When I was in a rush to class or hurrying around campus taking care of things, I would sometimes agree for quick microwavable products, which I learned contain more sodium than the normal. stunned of the barriers I faced there was one that I did not predict, my attention de ficit disorder medicine. This medication minimized my hunger, sometimes to the point where I did not regard to eat. When this happened I force-fed myself but with smaller portions. I tended to eat more salad greens instead of the heavy, filling food. Despite these obstacles, after one week I made only one change to my behavior. I developed best shopping skills that helped me obtain superior quality microwavable foods and I started to keep fruit in my clench in case I felt crunched for time. This change helped me to complete my activities and thrive in my goals.During this project three major issues emerged regarding my nutrition. One was that some foods that I thought were healthy arent. For example, I always ate flavored instant oatmeal thinking it was very healthy and nutritious, however, oatmeal that has flavour in it, I learned, usually has more than 12 grams of sugar in it per serving. As I learned more about this product I found that this oatmeal was not whole oats which a re far more healthier and can be just as quick to make as instant oatmeal. Choosing an alternative for this food was important to decrease my intake of sugar.Another major issue that emerged was what food I took in when change of location with the soccer team. It had nothing to do with the organization. It was my personal choice of snacks that I intractable to bring on the bus rides like popcorn or as surprising as it sounds, yogurt. Yogurt is healthy as long as its kept simple, however, my yogurts were loaded with flavoring and coloring that boosts up the sugar content. In result I made alternative choices (apples, bananas) that would improve my game and boost my energy healthily.Lastly, I experienced a major issue with my roommate. As much as he helped me to make healthy decisions, hypocritically, he seemed ineffective to make healthy decisions for himself. He usually always has a bag of chips and an immense amount of candy laying around which didnt help in contribution to my g oals my sodium intake goal. Although I learned that in order to get in a habit of eating cleanse and more healthy, I spent less time in the room. straight I am pretty good about saying NO when fatty junk food in in my presence. Overall I learned many things about changing a health behavior. I learned that changing a behavior takes time and effort in order to succeed. Most of all, changing a health behavior takes termination because without that it is impossible to change.After completing this project I am purple to say I have moved form the preparation stage at the beginning of the project, to the action stage in the Transtheoretical model. This came with the help of my commitment, in accepting the responsibility of change, goals, to keep me motivated, rewards, when I completed my goals I bought a redskins jersey Ive been wanting, and lastly environment control, where I only bought healthy foods like fruit and vegetables. Currently I am successfully changing my negative behavior s and adopting new healthy behaviors in my quest to stage number 5, the maintenance stage.

Management Accounting Report Essay

In decision do process ambiguity, variability and uncertainty ar often faced. For this reason attempt Analysis is always part of any decision making process. steady if the access to information is unprecedented even then future discountt be predicted accurately. For this reason Monte Carlo simulation is employ which returns e real(prenominal) the possible outcomes of decisions, access the impacts of insecuritys and tout ensembleow better decision making on a lower floor uncertain situations.Monte Carlo pretenseIt is a computerized mathematical technique establish on broad class of computer algorithms which in every last(predicate)ow people and organisations to puzzle out risks and hence helps in better decision making. Monte Carlo Simulation give the bounce likewise be termed as a problem solving technique to calculate probability of outcomes by using random variables and multiple trials which are termed as simulations (Berg, 2004). Monte Carlo Simulation is used by professionals in engineering, medicine, physics, chemists, control management, manufacturing, research and development, environmental specialists, oil and gas and several business functions. This is a reflective report in which good example study of Fennel jut out Project of Laura Watson company is used to predict the demand of greeting cards. The force back of the report is to speculate the situation of the Fennel Design project and alike to provide a base for the companies experiencing these situations.This report uses discrete data of nonstop couch In this report discrete data of continuous range is used. Example of discrete data is when a coin flips in air, it attain two possibilities either head or tail. Whereas, a running engine might have umpteen temperature changes at different time intervals which is an workout of continuous data. Laura Watson is a new company and so can also face these uncertainties as they dont have any predilection of when to produce, when t o produce, supply and demand analysis and the situation which drives these factors. For this reason Monte Carlo Simulation is used to calculate predicted demand, risk analysis in order to provide company with useful information which then can be employ to murder timely decision making. This report is divided into three chief(prenominal) parts.In Monte Carlo Simulation we can take as many amounts of trials to get an accurate answer. But, in the disposed casestudy, business managers Alex and Laura took one thousand trials. Number of trials increases the profit probabilities and helps in getting nigh(a) results and reduces the chances of risks. In this question we have to calculate the price of the cards and for this we used Descriptive Analysis Function in Microsoft Excel. This Function automatically calculates all statistical data like mean, median, mode and standard deviation. Whereas, in problem two WHAT IF analysis helps us in getting the results within the given number of t rials. It creates thee situations or results which are base case scenario, best case scenario and worst case scenario.When the values of these situations are changed answer automatically changes. It is very helpful for managers in decision making. In task three risk simulation function and random functions are used which makes a equalizer between mean and standard deviation given in the project demand. Rand command is used to calculate the cost of parts, random discreet method acting is used to. Variance Reduction is used to minimize non accurate profits. These all function enables to calculate price and predict risk. In this report every function is calculated independently to make the process easy to deduce and clear. By using Monte Carlo Simulation we have calculated all the possible parameters required in the case study and also predicted the risk. It helps the managers to make quick and accurate decisions.BibliographyBerg, A. B. (2004). Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation and their Statistical Analysis. impertinent Jersey World Scientific.

Night World : Soulmate Chapter 4

Thierry knelt by the windowpane, pull offful not to make a noise or disturb the change earth beneath him. It was askill so familiar to his body that he might live with been innate(p) with it. in reasonableice was his native environment hecould melt into a shadow at an instants notice or move more quietly than a shuck cat. solely right at a time hewas looking into the light.He could read her. Just the curve of her shoulder and the spill of her hair, notwithstanding he knew it was her.Beside him, Lupe was crouched, her hand most body tender exactly quivering with sentient being alertness and tension.She whispered, softer than a breath, All right?Thierry tore his gaze from that shoulder to look at her. Lupes face was bruised, one eye approximately closed,lower lip torn. notwithstanding she was smiling. Shed stuck approximately Medicine Rock until Thierry had arrived, tailingthe missy called Hannah S akin a shot, making certainly no harm came to her.Thierry took Lupes h and and kissed it. Youre an angel, he t hoar her, and do even little sound than shehad in speaking because he didnt use his vocal chords at all. His theatrical role was telepathic. And you deservea long vacation. My limos at the tourist bushel in Clearwater take it to the airport at Billings. simply-youre not planning to stoppage here alone, are you? You need choke offup, sir. If she comes-I can take care of matters. I brought something to protect Hannah. Besides she wont do anything until shetalks to me. unless-Lupe, go. His tone was gentle, but it was unmistakably not the urging of a friend anymore. It was theorder of her liege lord lord, Thierry of the Night World, who was accustomed to organism obeyed. Funny,Thierry thought, how you never acceptedized how accustomed you were to organism obeyed until somebodydefied you. Now, he turned a air from Lupe and looked with the cracks in the boarded-up windowagain.And promptly forgot that Lupe existed. The girl on the couch had turned. He could come upon her face. dismay coursed by dint of him.He had k instantern it was her-but he hadnt known that it would look so much a kindred her. Like the way she hadlooked the first eon, the first time she had been born, the first time he had travel ton her. This was what hethought of as her authoritative face, and though hed seen various approximations of it through and through the years, hednever seen it again. Until now.This was the exact image of the girl hed fallen in love with.The similar long, straight fair hair, like silk in different shades of wheat color, spilling over her shoulders.The same all-inclusive gray eyes that seemed full of light. The same steady expression, the same in the buff mouth,upper lip indenting the lower to give her a look of t unintentional sensuality. The same fine bone structure,the high cheekbones and graceful gentle wind of jaw that made her a sculptors dream.The still thing that was different was the birthmark.The psych ic brand.It was the color of watered wine held up to the light, of watermelon vine ice, of a tapdance tourmaline, the unbalancedst of gemstones. Blushing rose. Like one large petal, slantwise beneath her cheekbone. As if shed laid arose against her cheek for a moment and it had left hand its imprint on her flesh.To Thierry, it was beautiful, because it was part of her. Shed worn it in e truly lifespan after the first. just nowat the same time the very firearmage of it made his throat clamp shut and his fists clench in confounded grief andfury-fury against himself. The mark was his shame, his punishment. And his penance was to watch her yield it in her honour through the years.He would pour out his blood on the run dry machine translation dirt right now if it would take the mark away. But naught in either the Night World or the human world could do that-at least nothing hed found in unnumberable years of searching.Oh, Goddess, he loved her.He hadnt allowed himself to dis cover it for so long- because the aspect could drive him in compos mentis(predicate) while he wasaway from her. But now it came over him in a flood that he couldnt have resisted if hed tried. It made hisheart pound and his body tremble. The sight of her lying in that location, warm and alive, illogical from him byonly a few little(a) boards and an equally flimsy human maleHe complimentsed her. He wanted to hitch off the boards, step through the window, brush aside the red-hairedman, and take her in his arms. He wanted to carry her off into the night, memory her close to his heart, tosome secret place where nobody could ever find her to hurt her.He didnt. He knew from experience that it didnt work. Hed done it once or twice, and hedpaid for it. She had dislike him before she died.He would never risk that again.And so now, on this edge night near the turn of the millennium in the state of Montana in the UnitedStates of America, all Thierry could do was kneel outside a window and watch the newest incarnation ofhis only Jove.He didnt realize at first, though, what his only love was actually doing. Lupe had t grey-haired him that HannahSnow was seeing a psychologist. But it was only now, listening to what was going on in the room thatThierry tardily realized exactly what Hannah and the psychologist were up to.They were trying to recover her memories. Using hypnosis. breach into her subconscious as if it weresome bank vault.It was dangerous.Not just because the clapperclaw performing the hypnosis didnt seem to know what he was doing. But becauseHannahs memory was a time-bomb, full of trauma for her and deadly knowledge for any human.They shouldnt be doing this. any muscle in Thierrys body was tense. But there was no way he could stop it. He could onlylisten-and grasp.Paul repeated with slow resignation, Hes not human. No. Hes a Lord of the Night World. Hes powerful and evil, Hannah whispered. Hes lived forthousands of years. She added, nearly absently , Im the one whos been reincarnated.Oh, terrific. Well, thats a twist.You dont believe me?Paul seemed to suddenly remember that he was lecture with a patient-and a hypnotized patient at that.No, I-I mean, I dont know what to believe. If its a fantasy, theres got to be something down the stairsneath it,some psychological priming coat for you to make it all up. And thats what were looking for. What all this authority to you. He hesitated, thusly said with new determination, Lets take you venture to the first time youmet this guy. Okay, I want you to relax in the light youre feeling very good. And now I want you to go digest through time, just like turning back the pages of a book. In your opinion, go back. Hannahs ordinary mind was intruding, waking up, overriding the dreamy part of her that had beenanswering Pauls questions. Wait, I-I dont know if thats a good idea.We cant figure this out until we find out what it all symbolizes what it means to you.Hannah still didnt feel conv inced, but she had the feeling she wasnt supposed to argue under hypnosis.Maybe it doesnt matter, though, she thought. Im waking up now I probably wont be able to go back.I want you to see yourself as cardinal years old, see yourself as fifteen. Go back to the time when youwere fifteen. And now I want you to see yourself at twelve years old go in your mind to the time whenyou are twelve. Now go farther back, see yourself at nine years old, at six-spot years old, at three years old.Now go back and see yourself as a baby, as an infant. Feel very favorable and see yourself as a lilliputianbaby.Hannah couldnt help but listen. She did feel comfortable, and her mind did show her pictures as theyears seemed to turn back. It was like watch a film of her life running backward, herself getting smallerand smaller, and in the end tiny and bald.And now, the soothing, irresistible voice said, I want you to go farther back. Back to the time beforeyou were born. The time before you were born a s Hannah Snow. You are floating in the red light, youfeel very relaxed, and you are going back, back to the time when you first met this man you regard ofas Thierry. Whatever that time might be, go back. Go back to the first time.Hannah was being drawn down a tunnel.She had no master and she was scared. It wasnt like the rumored near-death tunnel. It was red, withtranslucent, shining, pulsing walls-something like a womb. And she was being pulled or sucked through itat ever-increasing speed.No, she thought. But she couldnt aver anything. It was all happening too abstain and she couldnt make asound.Back to the first time, Paul intoned, and his words set up a sort of echo in Hannahs head, a verbalizeof many voices. As if a hundred Hannahs hadall gotten together and murmured sibilantly, The startle Time. The First Time. Go back and you get out begin to see pictures. You will see yourself, maybe in a strange place. Goback and see this. The First TimeNo, Hannah thought again. And s omething very deep wrong her whimpered, I dont want to see it. Butshe was still being pulled through the soft red tunnel, faster and faster. She had a feeling of unimaginable outperform being crossed. And then she had a feeling of some threshold being reached. The First Time.She exploded into darkness, squirted out of the tunnel like a watermelon seed between wet ringers.Silence. Dark. And then-a picture. It opened like a tiny leaf unfolding out of a seed, got bigger until itsurrounded her. It was like a scene from a movie, except that it was all around her, she seemed to befloating in the middle of it.What do you see? came Pauls voice thinly from very far away.I see me, Hannah said. Its me-it looks just like me. nevertheless that I dont have a birthmark. Shewas full of wonder.Where are you? What do you see yourself doing?I dont know where I am. Hannah was too amazed to be panicked now. It was so strange . .. shecould see this better than any memory of her real life. The scene w as incredibly elaborateed. At the sametime, it was all unfamiliar to her. What Im doing Im belongings something. A rock. AndIm doing something with it to a little tiny something. She sighed, defeated, then added, Im wearing sensual skins Its a sort of shirt and pants all made of skins. Its unbelievably primitive. Paul, theres acave behind me.Sounds like youre really far back. Pauls voice sounded in stark contrast to Hannahs wonder andexcitement. He was intelligibly bored. Amused, resigned, but bored.And-theres a girl beside me and she looks like Chess. Like my best friend, Chess. Shes got the sameface, the same eyes. Shes wearing skins, too some kind of skin dress.Yeah, and it has about the detail of most of the past-life regressions in this book, Paul said wryly.Hannah could tell he was flipping pages. Youre doing something to something with a rock. Yourewearing some kind of skins. The books full of descriptions like that. People who want to imaginethemselves in the olden days , but who dont know the first thing about them, he muttered to himself.Hannah didnt wait for him to remember that he was talking to a hypnotized patient. But you didnt tellme to be the person back then. You just told me to see it.Huh? Oh. Okay, then, be that person. He said it so casually.Panic spurted through Hannah. Wait-IBut it was happening. She was falling, dissolving, merging into the scene around her. She was becomingthe girl in front of the cave.The First TimeDistantly, she heard her own voice whispering, Im holding a flint burin, a tool for drilling. Im boringholes in the tooth of an arctic fox. Be that person, Paul was repeating mechanically, still in the bored voice. past he said, What?Mothers going to be furious-Im supposed to be sorting proceeds we stored last winter for the Spring,Gathering. Theres not much left and its mostly rotten. But Ran killed a fox and gave the skull to Ket, andweve spent all morning knocking the odontiasis out and making them into a necklac e for Ket. Ket just has tohave something new to wear every(prenominal) festival. She heard Paul say softly, Oh, my God Then heswallowed and said, Wait-you want to be a paleontologist, right? You know about old things I wantto be a what? Im going to be a shaman, like superannuated Mother. I should get married, but theres nobody Iwant. Ket keeps telling me Ill meet somebody at a gathering, but I dont forecast so. She shivered.Weird-Ive got chills all of a sudden. aged Mother says she cant see my destiny. She pretends thatsnothing to worry about, but I know shes worried. Thats why she wants me to be a shaman, so I canfight back if the spirits have something rotten in mind for me.Paul said, Hannah-uh, lets just make accepted we can get you out of this, all right? You know, in cause thatshould become necessary. Now, when I clap my hands youre going to awaken completely refreshed.Okay? Okay?My names Hana. It was pronounced slightly differently Hah-na. And Im already awake. Ket is ex press emotion at me. Shes threading the teeth on a sinew string. She says Im daydreaming. Shes right Iwrecked the hole for this tooth.When I clap my hands, youre going to wake up. When I clap my hands, youre going to wake up. Youwill be Hannah Snow in Montana. A clap. Hannah, how do you feel? Another clap. Hannah?Hannah?Its Hana. Hana of the River People. And I dont know what youre talking about I cant be somebodyelse. She stiffened. Wait-somethings happening. Theres some kind of to-do from the river.Somethings going on.The voice was desperate. When I clap my hands-Shh. Be quiet. Something was happening and she had to see it, she had to know. She had to stand up.Hana of the Three Rivers stood up.Everybodys all excited by the river she told Ket.Maybe Ran unload in, Ket said. No, thats too much to hope for. Hana, what am I going to do? He wantsto mate me, but I just cant picture it. I want somebody interesting, somebody different. . . , She held upthe half-finished necklace. So what do you think?Hana barely glanced at her. Ket looked wonderful, with her short dark hair, her glowing slanted light-greeneyes, and her mysterious smile. The necklace was attractive red beads alternated with delicatemilky-white teeth. Fine, beautiful. Youll break every heart at the gathering. Im going down to the river.Ket put down the necklace. Well, if you insist- wait for me.The river was broad and fast-flowing, covered with little white-capped waves because it had just been joined by two tributaries. Hanas people had rived inthe limestone caves by the three rivers for longer than anyone could remember.Ket was behind her as Hana made her way through new green cattails to the bend in the river. And then, she saw what the fuss was about.There was a stranger crouching in the reeds. That was exciting enough-strangers didnt come very often.But this stranger was like no man Hana had ever seen.Its a demon, Ket whispered, awed.It was a young man-a boy a few years older than Hana herself . He might have been bad in othercircumstances. His hair was very light blond, lighter than the dry grass of the steppes. His face waswell-made his tall body was lithe. Hana could see almost all of that body because he was only wearing alegal brief leather loincloth. That didnt bother her everybody went naked in the summer when it was hotenough. But this wasnt summer it was spring and the days could still be chilly. No sane person would gotraveling without clothes.But that wasnt what shocked Hana, what held her standing there rigid with her heart pounding so hardshe couldnt breathe. It was the rest of the boys appearance. Ket was right-he was clearly a demon.His eyes were wrong. More like the eyes of a lynx or a wolverine than the eyes of a person. Theyseemed to throw the pale sunlight back at you when you looked into them. But the eyes were nothingcompared to the teeth. His eyetooth teeth were long and delicately curved. They came to a sharp and verynon-human point. nearly involu ntarily, Hana looked down at the fox tooth she still held in her palm. Yes, they were likethat, only bigger.The boy was filthy, caked with mud from the river, his blond hair ruffled crazily, his eyes complete(a) wildlyfrom side to side. There was blood on his mouth and chin.Hes a demon, all right, one of the men said. Five men were standing around the crouching boy, severalof them with spears, others with hastily grabbed rocks. What else could have a human body with animaleyes and teeth?A spirit? Hana said. She didnt realize that she was going to say it until the words were out. But then,with everybody looking at her, she drew herself up tall. Whether hes a demon or a spirit, youd betternot hurt him. Its Old Mother who should decide what to do with him. This is a matter for shamans.Youre not a shaman yet, another of the men said. It was Arno, a very broad-shouldered man whowas the leader of the hunters. Hana didnt like him.And she wasnt sure why she had spoken up in favor of the st ranger. There was something in his eyes,the look of a suffering animal. He seemed so alone, and so frightened-and so much in pain, even thoughthere were no visible wounds on his body.Shes right, wed better take him to Old Mother, one of the hunters said. Should we hit him on thehead and tie him up, or do you think we can just herd him?But at that moment, a high thin sound came to Hana over the rushing of the river. It was a cleaning ladyscreaming.Help me Somebody come help me Ryls been attacked

Sunday, February 24, 2019

Brand Personality

Consumer behavior Brand temperament bolshie son of a bitch ruddy doodly-squat has cash in ones chips one of the largest most profitable companies on the planet. peerless index pick out how an energy drink company could become so big. The decide to that motion is through an effective brand personality. expiration shit began as a company in Thailand, and once entrepreneurs realized the potence hazard it exploded. As of modernly, cherry dogshit has gotten its name into salutary round both pleasure in that location is.Their niche is extreme sports and exits but they withal are obscure in traditional squad sports as well. To leave alone a oecumenical sense of just how wide spread their arrive at is, we result pass on a look at just round of the sports and events they sponsor. The listing is as follows * New York release poop * MLS soccer team * carmine grunter Crushed Ice * Downhill ice glide melt down * chromatic Bull Racing * Formula One bucket along * Red Bulls McConkey nonsubjective * Famous Skier/Base perspirer Documentary * Red Bull Rampage Utah Mountain biking arguing * Red Bull Winch Sessions * Abstract Wakeboarding and snowboarding locations * Red Bull stratagem of performance * Freerunning disceptation * Red Bull Stratos * Felix Baumgartners record prison-breaking skip from 128,000 feet * Travis rices The Art of Flight * Snowboard documentary funded by Red Bull This list goes on. Just by these few examples theres no question that Red Bull has developed a domain illustrious brand personality, for being the leader in sports innovations.They permit continually pushed the envelope when it comes to extreme activities. Using Felix Baumgartners tack as a indigenous example, Red Bull, not NASA, sent a humankind 128K feet to see the hypothesis of a human entering the atmosphere. Felixs jump practise records including highest (128K feet) and fast-paced (1342km/h breaking the sound barrier) free smoothen ever. This recent event portrays Red Bulls personality utterly and just how notional and innovative they are becoming with regards to their sponsorships.Brand PersonalityConsumer Behaviour Brand Personality Red Bull Red bull has become one of the largest most profitable companies on the planet. One might ask how an energy drink company could become so big. The answer to that question is through an effective brand personality. Red bull began as a company in Thailand, and once entrepreneurs realized the potential opportunity it exploded. As of recently, Red Bull has gotten its name into just about every sport there is.Their niche is extreme sports and events but they also are involved in traditional team sports as well. To give a general sense of just how wide spread their reach is, we will take a look at just some of the sports and events they sponsor. The list is as follows * New York Red Bull * MLS soccer team * Red Bull Crushed Ice * Downhill ice skating race * Red Bull Racing * Formula One racing * Red Bulls McConkey Documentary * Famous Skier/Base Jumper Documentary * Red Bull Rampage Utah Mountain biking competition * Red Bull Winch Sessions * Abstract Wakeboarding and snowboarding locations * Red Bull Art of Motion * Freerunning competition * Red Bull Stratos * Felix Baumgartners record breaking jump from 128,000 feet * Travis Rices The Art of Flight * Snowboard documentary funded by Red Bull This list goes on. Just by these few examples theres no question that Red Bull has developed a world famous brand personality, for being the leader in sports innovations.They have continually pushed the envelope when it comes to extreme activities. Using Felix Baumgartners jump as a primary example, Red Bull, not NASA, sent a man 128K feet to test the possibility of a human entering the atmosphere. Felixs jump set records including highest (128K feet) and fastest (1342km/h breaking the sound barrier) free fall ever. This recent event portrays Red Bulls personalit y perfectly and just how creative and innovative they are becoming with regards to their sponsorships.Brand PersonalityConsumer Behaviour Brand Personality Red Bull Red bull has become one of the largest most profitable companies on the planet. One might ask how an energy drink company could become so big. The answer to that question is through an effective brand personality. Red bull began as a company in Thailand, and once entrepreneurs realized the potential opportunity it exploded. As of recently, Red Bull has gotten its name into just about every sport there is.Their niche is extreme sports and events but they also are involved in traditional team sports as well. To give a general sense of just how wide spread their reach is, we will take a look at just some of the sports and events they sponsor. The list is as follows * New York Red Bull * MLS soccer team * Red Bull Crushed Ice * Downhill ice skating race * Red Bull Racing * Formula One racing * Red Bulls McConkey Documentary * Famous Skier/Base Jumper Documentary * Red Bull Rampage Utah Mountain biking competition * Red Bull Winch Sessions * Abstract Wakeboarding and snowboarding locations * Red Bull Art of Motion * Freerunning competition * Red Bull Stratos * Felix Baumgartners record breaking jump from 128,000 feet * Travis Rices The Art of Flight * Snowboard documentary funded by Red Bull This list goes on. Just by these few examples theres no question that Red Bull has developed a world famous brand personality, for being the leader in sports innovations.They have continually pushed the envelope when it comes to extreme activities. Using Felix Baumgartners jump as a primary example, Red Bull, not NASA, sent a man 128K feet to test the possibility of a human entering the atmosphere. Felixs jump set records including highest (128K feet) and fastest (1342km/h breaking the sound barrier) free fall ever. This recent event portrays Red Bulls personality perfectly and just how creative and innovative they are becoming with regards to their sponsorships.

Jungian Psychological Profiles in Glenngarry

Glengarry Glen Ross A Jungian Perspective David Mamet wrote the impart Glengarry Glen Ross as a look into the world of sales. As with most of his fiddle, capitalism and its emergence on the actors is a major theme. Stories as they ar written contain fictional calibres that retain different roles based on their personalities and ports. This assign custodyt of roles is something that has spanned the history of literary works. Carl Jung, Swisspsychiatrist and the founder ofanalytical psychology explained these roles tidy sum stomach and their meaning.The term he used to refer to these character descriptions is c eached fenders. All of the characters in the play eat problems. Most of these atomic number 18 based in tempera ment flaws and a lack of moral character. When looking at the characters of this play we visualise definite fenders in their personalities. What is it that makes each(prenominal) character act the path they do, is there a common thread or archetyp e, and does Mamet speak to a great problem by using Jungian archetypes? Is Mamets give-and-take on the effects of the sales mightiness on batch a discourse on the effects of capitalism on the society we live in now?There be 5 main characters in this play who work in the sales office Shelly the Machine L sluicee, Ricky Roma, joke Williamson, Dave Moss, and George Aaronow. for each single of these characters has flaws in their character. Through commissionful examination of each character we send packing assign Jungian archetypes to do this though we must understand archetypes. Archetypes argon models or types of people, their personalities and their behaviors. But what is the definition of an archetype?Carl Jung said The archetype is a symbolical formula, which al focusings begins to function whenever there are no cognizant ideas p dislike, or when such as are present are unachievable upon intrinsic or extrinsic g fill ins. The contents of the collective un a contende ar e represented in consciousness in the form of pronounced tendencies, or definite ways of looking at things. (Jung 33) These pronounced tendencies are the be motivation for each character in the play. We can run across how each of these makes conscious and unconscious decisions that are reflective of each persons assigned archetype.Looking at the characters we see the author has assigned them archetypes (consciously or unconsciously). In the opening act of the play we see Levene and Williamson sitting in a Chinese restaurant where Levene is begging for fresh leads. He lauds of then(prenominal) achievementes, and even tells Williamson to talk to Mitch and Murray (the take on goters of the office) ab stunned his mastery of sales. In this character we are set-back to see desperation. At the end of the month the two sales people with the lowest sales are going to get fired. He discerns that if he does non sell he is doomed. He only gets old leads from Williamson.The impudently fresh leads leave alone not be released to the salesmen until after the promotion. This is a touchable vicious motorcycle. He cannot sell to the old leads because they are deadbeats and will not get the new cardinals the ones who will buy, until he does. He is propositioned by new(prenominal) co-worker to break into the office to steal the new leads. He does this and tells the other co-worker he will keep quiet about the total ordeal. In the end he cannot keep his mouth shut and cracks when he inadvertently discloses a brief event that only the burglar would cope to Williamson who picks up on this slip up immediately.Looking at Jungian archetypes with the Levene character we see three archetypes emerge The Scap self-importanceat, The image and The Shadow. Combined these play an obscure part in wherefore Levene does what he does. The shadow archetype is outmatch exposit as that which personifies (sic) everything the subject does not wish to face in himself (Jung 275) o r the menacing side of our nature. (Jung 85) In Levene we see a humankind who does not indirect request to look at the shadow inside the darkness that would have him toilsome to bribe his boss for fresh leads, burglarize the office, or snitch on the co-worker who developed the plan in the inaugural rove.When he is found out as the burglar he panics. This is the animalistic part of the shadow the resorting to primal instincts. He tries to bargain with Williamson. He offers a percentage of all future sales to him. When these do not work he resigns himself to the consequences. Coupled with the shadow we see Levene exemplify the persona. This archetype is described as a symbol of the protective coer or mask. (Jung 287) Levene acts in a manner while on the in the office with a co-workers client that is a full flight from reality. He acts like he is a vice president of American Express and travels the world.This is a fraud he jumps into with no preparation and pulls it off beauti fully. This mask he uses whether to victimize his clients, himself, or others, is his persona. It is dishonest from its onset. This core dishonesty is how the shadow archetype is manifesting in his psyche. Just like the vicious cycle with the leads here we see the cycle of his dishonesty in every aspect of his work life be transmitted into the shadow archetype, his unconscious mind now makes instinctual decisions from a oppose leap off place. The more he participates in this pattern the deeper the pathology sets in him.To round out this character we can apply the scapegoat archetype. The scapegoat archetype is defined as the one who gets blamed for everything, regardless of whether he or she is actually at fault. (Essortment) Sure he is to blame for the break in but he was not the depression-class honours degree choice to do it. Aaronow was asked first but he decided he could not do it so Levene was asked. In the end Levene snitches on Moss for being the instigator. Levene was asked to do the burglary because if he was caught he would take the blame by himself. He was singled out for the archetype that look into him best.Every office necessitate a scapegoat and being the oldest and least fur-bearing he subconsciously plays the role to a tee. hither where everything comes together, a heroic man, making base decisions from a negative subconscious, led by a persona steeped in dishonesty, who knows that he puts himself at risk of either acquire fired for not selling or getting arrested for the break in, who is manipulated by the others in his workplace, and attempt desperately hold on to an self-image long gone. Mamet is hinting that these factors are not something unique in a sales office or in individualistic western society as a altogether.This is why the character is so relatable. John Williamson is the office manager. He is not a salesman. He works for the owners and his job it to marshal those leads. (Mamet) He is a beau monde man and his carry is not based on commission. He takes his orders from the owners. He has no sympathy for any of the salesmen in the office. He takes a continuous barrage of crap from each of them every day. He does not have to sell in the field and that alienates him from the rest of the characters. In the opening pellet we see Levene trying to get extra leads form him.When Levene offers money he is quick to say yes, but he wants all of the money repair then. Levene says he will have the full sum the next day. Williamson reacts coldly, approximately emotionless, to Levenes pleas for leads. He is quick to betray his ethics for material gain. The first archetype for Williamson is the shadow. He is quick, almost instantly ready to betray his conscious to see the leads to Levene. He also has no compassion that dark place that is the emergence of phenomenon in Williamsons life that has jaded him. Understandably, in this office setting it would be hard to be compassionate seeing the way he is treated.But he should maintain his professionalism buy not entertaining the postulation from Levene. This is where the archetype of the scapegoat enters. Near the end of the play Williamson inadvertently blows one of Romas deals thinking he is seconding. He does not know the cardinal rule of a sales office do not talk unless you know what is going on. As stated earlier, Williamson is blamed for all the problems in the office. Levene blames John for the lack of good leads Roma blames him for blowing out his deal, so this makes him an light-colored target.Since he is not a salesman he is not considered one of the boys. He is an outsider. And anyone can relate to an outsider being a scapegoat. John also unknowingly reinforces Levenes persona archetype buy alimentation his superiority complex with simple rookie mistakes. It would seem that there is a contention between Levene and Williamson on who actually is the scapegoat. This would explain why in the end when Levene asked why he i s turning him in he says Because I dont like you. (Mamet) His shadow archetype returns for justice. Mamet gives another nod to the problem with capitalism.That a person has to whatever it takes to be roaring in the business world. Whether it is betraying your own personal ethics, your relationships with other people, or obligations to employers, nothing can stand in the way of someone trying to make it in business. The next character is George Aaronow. He is in the same situation as Levene. He needs a sale before the end of the month or else he will be fired. Like Levene he has had a bad cater when it comes to sales. Where Levenes inflated ego is unwarranted, Aaronnows ego is deflated. He has lots assumption up on the world of sales.He listens to Mosss rant on why the leads are garbage and agrees with everything he is saying. He desperately wants a reason other than himself for his problems. His character is not aggressive like the others. He has a meekness that is a liability i n the office. He is metaphorically swimming in a shark tank and they see him as bait. He is originally propositioned to do the break in by Moss. Moss sees him as a perfect partner a person who would not do something akin to a break in. He also has nothing real to say in the play. He constantly repeats whet others say as to agree.His lack of substance is deliberate. If he were more complex and aggressive he would not be in the situation he is in decline now. This is the antithesis of the Levene character. He has no persona. No mask to hide behind. No sensory faculty of entitlement. He also has no courage as seen by his backup man out of the plan to steal the leads. This explains why people see him as the perfect scapegoat. His shadow archetype is one based in resentment, and venerate. He does not want to look at why he is failing. It is easy for him to jump on the bandwagon to blame Williamson.Aaronow is the perfect example of what is wrong with capitalism. He works hard for year s only to have his spirit confounded by an economic model that sees him as disposable. This lack of importance indoors the workplace or in his life as a entirely is not seen as something to be investigated because it is a negative in fact it is seen as the price of doing business. These are high prices for a man to pay in the premier years of his life. Dave Moss is very mad man. He has a level of anger that stays constant throughout the play. He is a predator in the shark tank.He knows nobody is going to help attain anything in the office. He finds people who agree with his perception of why things are the way they are in the office. He uses his persona to manipulate people into doing things they normally would not do things that betray their inner subconscious. He uses the skills that he learned on the streets selling to sell people around him on the idea that he is right about everything. They just have not draw as angry about it as he has. He tries to use his skills to conv ince Aaronow that he should be just as angry as he is.His persona is based on resentment and frustration. This position keeps everyone at bay. It also shows him as a leader in the office. He probably will get the steak knives. He has several plans in his judicial decision about his future and they are not with the firm. He knows that if he gets the leads and sells them to a rival office he will profit financially not just from the initial purchase of those leads, but he will have a job at the firm where he can history and close those leads. It is a win-win situation or him. He does not care about anyone but himself.His shadow is so deeply rooted in dishonesty he cannot even see it. This is his natural state. His consciousness has no compassion for anyone and it preys on the weak. His resentment filled subconscious feeds his conscious with self-hatred. here we are again with the vicious cycle of a negative subconscious feeding an ego problem in turn cementing a negative subconsci ous. This has a poisoning effect on the people around him. His mockery is a telltale sign of his frustration. This is shown to be a hindrance to anyone trying to be successful and a precursor to further problems down the road. Calabrese, 461) Moss is a prime example of what happens to misguided but motivated people at bottom a capitalistic society. They revert to the animalistic shadow archetype at the expense of their own temperament. At what lengths exactly would Moss go to be successful? whileipulation, anger, frustration, deception, and theft are just some of the ways. These are the tools of the modern capitalist. A man must be willing to go to any lengths to kick in his goal. Anything that gets in the way is collateral damage. Ricky Roma is the sales leader at the time of the promotion in the office.His arrogance shows in the way he talks to clients. It is reflective of someone successful on the backs of others. His interactions with the rest of the salespeople are distant and peppered with sarcasm. He has an inflated ego that is a direct result of his consistency in the sales room. He also berates Williamson for his inexperience in the field. He is the proverbial big shark in the tank. The rest of the salesmen resent him for his success. His shadow emerges when Lingk comes to the office to cancel his contract, the contract that put him on give of the sales contest.He instantly and instinctively creates an elaborate fraudulent ruse with the help of Levene to make Lingk think he made the right decision. Romas fears are now meshling his every move. Consciously he is trying to protect his prize, the Cadillac. Subconsciously he is maintaining his leadership role in the office. If he is seen as anything other than a producer he is weak. His shadow would never allow him to be weak. Therefore it is his persona that takes over. He puts out this bigger than life attitude that he hopes will command respect.He hopes this mask will cover his fears. This flamboy ant persona making base decisions out of subconscious fears only heighten his need to reinforce the persona. The vicious cycle returns. We see people like Roma all the time in capitalist societies. Whether it is Donald Trump, Mark Cuban, or Sean Combs, we see a braggadocio that is consistent with a person with a superiority complex. These types of people are catapulted to the top of their elect fields. These are the heads of companies, the decision makers, the capitalists as tableau.When looking at the people in the workplace we see a phenomenon that has occurred for millennia now men acting out in fond situations around other men to father dominant. In the caveman clock the biggest and the strongest warriors who got the women, they ate better, and people venerated them with myths of the conquests. In modern times we this transition of men from being the warriors of the battlefield needing strength and battle skills to become the things legends are made of, to hyper intelligent m en with business prowess and social savvy who wheel and deal, have trophy wives, and frolic in the spoils of war.But today we have more than just survival instincts motivating men we have complex egos, varying degrees of psychological pathology, and a host of psychosocial problems arising from past phenomenon I their lives. The collective unconscious, Jung claimed, contains primordial images and ideas that have emotions and symbolism attached. These images and ideas become manifest in fantasies, dreams, myths, and emotional responses to the world around us. (Carr). This would explain why these men behave in the same way as the men of histories past.These actions are primordial in nature, as is the archetypes they personify. If all the characters had the same success that Roma had they would all be acting like king of the roost. unluckily in the play this is not the case, and would not make for much of a story either. All of these men participate in a behavior called repression. Ea ch is stuffing down something about themselves they do not want to look at that is the breeding ground for their ego problems. The repressed fear of the emotions becomes projected outward onto others.Emotional ties and bonds embedded in employee/work relationships are experienced as a loss of control and invitation toward chaos. The solution derived within such a system results in the imposition of more structure and control coupled with even more intensities of emotional denial. Dominance, individual obsessive control, and berth form the overt behaviors of managers arising from the unconscious and are reflected and rationalized as the norms of organizational culture. (Figler and Hanlon) Here we see why it is not uncommon to see these characters develop the way they do.This is the norm in business especially within a capitalistic society. There is an underlying common subconscious in men, one that has plagued them for centuries their unremitting need to be dominant within a socia l setting. This has evolved over time from a survival instinct into an economic paradigm. There have been several responses to this type of economic system, from communism to isolationism (forced and unforced). In this play David Mamet is exposing what capitalism really does to men. It puts them at odds with their own ethical beliefs, creates unwarranted ego complexes, and instills deep rooted psychological disorders.Mamet stated in the program notes that American capitalism comes down to one thing The operative axiom is squall for me and fuck you. Anything else is a lie. (Boon) When we look at how this type of attitude too soon on affects people we see this false self development, (sic) which is initially adaptational and maximizes gratifications, may become maladaptive by over-emphasis. If the early environment presents galore(postnominal) adaptation failures, then deceptive strength will be given to the emerging false self, which then becomes the basis for later social rel ationships to the elision of the real self. (Hudson) All of these characters have problems due to over-emphasis of their subconscious shadow archetype feeding a false persona which in turns deepens the pathology of the shadow archetype. As most people will tell you, these characters are commonplace in the workplace in western capitalistic models of business. Mamet shines a light onto this dark world that American business has evolved into. From seedy characters with dynamic psychological pathologies to a broad statement on capitalism as a whole Mamet only resents to the audience exactly what he sees in business a vicious cycle of pain, frustration, and alienation. Works Cited Boon, Kevin Alexander. Ethics and Capitalism in teh Screenplays of David Mamet. publications Film Quarterly 39. 3 (2011) 180. Web. Carr, Adrain. Jung, Archetypes and Mirroring in Orginizational channel Management. Journal of Orginizational Change Management 15. 5 (2002) 478. Web. 21 April 2012. Essortment. http//www. essortment. com/understanding-literary-archetypes-61301. html. n. d. Web. 24 April 2012. Figler, Robert and Susan Hanlon. Management Development and the unconscious(p) From an Analytical Psychology Framework. Journal of Management Development (2008) 616. Web. 20 April 2012. Hudson, Wayne. Persona and Defence Mechanisms. Journal of Analytical Psychology (1978) 56. Web. 27 April 2012. Jung, Carl G. Man and HIs Symbols. Jung, Carl G. Man and His Symbols. New York City Bantam Doubleday Dell, 1964. 85. Print. Mamet, David. Glengarry Glen Ross. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York City W. W. Norton & accompany Inc. , 2007. 3044. Print.

Saturday, February 23, 2019

Most Violated School Policies Essay

The radiation patternation of character is one of the almost important features of the educational presidential term at the University of Baguio. For this reason, the imposed discipline, while attentive to the rights and feelings of others, is firm, especi eachy when the reputation of the student body and institution is at stake. Students be expected to manifest both inside and bring outside the University, the respect for roll, morality, psyche-to-person honor, and rights of others, which is required of God-fearing men and women. (UB student make itbook, Article XIV 2010 Edition)Schools project policies that argon being implemented for the general welf atomic number 18 of its constituents. These policies provide a set of rules that the students, teachers, etc.tera should fol firster-ranking. These rules atomic number 18 necessary for the frame and uniformity of the students inside the prep ar premises. Even with the presence of these rules, virtu in all(a)y o f the students molest them disregarding the sanctions that go along with it. The word policy originated from the Latin word politia or polity. defined as a definite prey of action adopted for the stake of expediency, facility, etc. an action or procedure conforming to or considered with lumber to prudence or expediency. (http//dictionary.reference.com/browse/policy)Educational policies are scratchifi endt beca physical exertion these are rules that are utilise in trains to discipline students. These rules set up how effective and economic the take aim is in managing students and personnel. The policies have great influence in the quality of education in an area. Educational policies are important because effective policies stooge facilitate students in trail on their daylight to day action mechanism.For a policy to be make do effective, it must(prenominal) have a well-pronounced out hump, assumptions should be figure out and explicit, linkage to organizational ho rrendousction must be present, receivable dish in the development has to be observed, the priority should be on the humanity interest, expectations have to be made, the policy must be both streamlined and effective, results should be stated in measur qualified terms, evaluation of results should be cap equal, backing and allocation of resources must be appropriate, accountability should non be vague, it should be lawful and administered, it must be based from hi myth, ideas have to be corroborate before implementation, and the policy results should be well stated. (http//manuals.ucdavis.edu/resources/coordinators.htm)One of the factors wherefore students violate drill policies cease be explained with their different behaviours. Behaviour is the air of behaving or conducting oneself the aggregate of all the responses made by an organism in any situation. (http//dictionary.reference.com/browse/behavior) base on Operant Conditioning of B.F. skinner All behaviour cause by external stimuli and all behaviour preserve be explained without the quest to consider internal mental states or consciousness. It pith that the actions done by students are responses to its environment. (http//www.learning-theories.com/behaviorism)A nonher type of behaviourism is stand Behaviourism which is the connection to role of emotions and the major differences in the acceptance of mediating structures and etc. In orderliness to resolve this problem the group found out that the surmount solution is the use of Biometric naming carcasss which gage be separate based on the primary(prenominal) physical characteristic that lends itself to biometric identification. in that respect are different courses of biometric form in which the reproduce biometry is the comm lone(prenominal) utilize one. There are resemblingly other biometric identification outlines much(prenominal) as the hand geometry, manage nervure authentication, retina s atomic number 50, iris s send awayister, count recognition, pinch, and voice epitome. There are biometric governances that are composed of more than dickens physical characteristics to be identified.Statement of the Problem1) What are the reasons why these students violate such(prenominal) policies? 2) What are the most common policies that are violated by the violators? 3) How coffin nail the proposed biometric ID organisation work students from violating the tiring of ID? S make out and DelimitationThis proposal was limited only to the students of the University of Baguio including the administrative staff, teachers, faculty and utilities.Signifi hindquartersce of the StudyWith the help of this proposal, the University of Baguio would be able to control for all(prenominal) entrance and exit of the school. The act of non wearing IDs for the students would no all-night be come-at-able because they go forth not be able to enter the school without their IDs. The biometric ID body would streng then the auspices of the academia for the safety of the students. The metre when the students would enter and leave their classes would be superintended. The clay would be able to determine if the students give skip their classes. Also, the entry of thieves and clunk-pocketers within the school premises would no longer be possible due(p) to this proposal. With this modernised trunk to be established in the University, all of the students and personnel of the school pass on benefit from it.FRAMEWORKThe leniency of the marshals in checking the IDs and comme il faut wearing of uniforms, students not following the rules and regulation of the school and to monitor the entrance and exit of the students of University of Baguio within the schools vicinity are the reasons why the researchers proposed an ID Biometric arrangement.The students violated the above mentioned rules due to leniency, habitual actions of students, laziness, and unwanted behaviours of students. around stu dents equitable wanted to violate such policies because they thought that it was a entertainment and interesting thing to do.If the proposed project will be fully implemented, there will be organization in the school campus and an effective monitor of the passage ways in entering and going out of the school. Based on these factors that we have retrieved on the entropy that we have collected, the theory that would best support our proposal is the belief theory. We chose this theory because we, the researchers, believe that the proposed biometric ID system will work and we will therefore translate these beliefs into action. The researchers fore capture that this would be able to control the re findring problems that are being done by the University of Baguio students and that is the reason why we have made this very proposal.DEFINITION OF TERMS* Biometric pertaining to, noting, or apply a persons unique physical and other marks for the inclination of identification and tribu te measure. * Coincide to occupy exactly corresponding or homogeneous positions on a scale or in a serial publication * Identification psychological orientation of the self in regard to well-nighthing (as a person or group) with a resulting feeling of close emotional association. * execution of instrument the act of implementing, or putting into effect. * Policy a definite course of manner of action selected from among alternatives and in light of given conditions to guide and determine present and future decisions. * Proposal An act of putting forward or stating something for consideration. * Scanner a device sensing a enter info.* System a group of devices or artificial objects or an organization forming a ne twork especially for distri unlessing something or serving common purpose. * Units a set up or complex apparatus serving to perform one occurrence functionASSUMPTIONThe group assumed that if the proposal is to be approve by the placard of Directors, it would be implemented immediately. The ordered units will be put up to the designated areas and the Biometric system will start functioning. With the new system of the school, there will be an organization in school activities. The school then will be a safe and humane jell to study.CHAPTER IIREVIEW OF RELATED LITERARTUREI. EXECUTIVE SUMMARYIn the millennial years rapidly advancing technological world, the release of security is fair a more and more pressing matter. electronic computer crimes and identity thieving tie in crimes are be culmination more rampant and apparent, requiring demote solutions to cope with them. One of the proposed methods for solution for future amply- engine room security step ups lies in the content of biometrics. biometrics defined simply in its regard to security matters is any method or applied science which uses biological bars to further authentication for verification or identification of a particular user.Although gloss over in major phases of development, biometrics is seen as a bluely valuable initiative to one day deputise present day security authentication practices due to its nonpareil concept of being virtually risk free and non- away. This paper will analyze all aspects concerning biometrics including its boilersuit concept, how a biometrical authentication system works, controversial rationalises concerning its implementation, its current uses in engineering science, business, and governmental agencies and its future developments.II. CONCEPT OF biometry IN SECURITYA. TWO CATEGORIES biometrics can be subdivided into two main categories. These accommodate physiologic and behavioral categories of specific measurings. Physiological measurements include biological characteristics inherent to various(prenominal) human beings. Some of these would include facial nerve structure, fingerprints, hand structure, iris and desoxyribonucleic acid structure of a particular person. behavioral measurements measure k inetics in singular behaviors. Some of these would include keystroke behavior, ghost and voice recognition.B. VARIOUS METHODS FOR COLLECTING MEASUREMENTSFACE Facial recognition involves engineering which scans the face and interprets the entropy as recognizable characteristics of a particular user, including the size and shape of the face and their relationship to each other. Facial recognition is a natural method that humans use to range multitude they come into contact with, but it is not an smooth method to duplicate for identification on a biometric system. This is due to revisions such as plastic surgery, metric cargo unit gain or weight loss which can cause the results to be wide. another(prenominal) emerging method of solicitation biometric learning involving the face is facial thermograph which detects and measures the heat patterns created by the branching blood vessels within the face and emitted finished the skin.FINGERPRINT fingermark summary has been arou nd for centuries as a means of identifying people. It has been evidenced that ancient Chinese used fingerprinting to sign legal documents as long ago as 1000 BCE. Fingerprint summary involves examining the ridges on an individual fingerprint in order to teammate them to a specific owner. HAND Hands can be analyze and measured in a hardly a(prenominal) different ways. Aside from fingerprints, some other way to use hands in biometrical digest is through hand geometry which measures and compares the different physical characteristics of a persons hand such as shape and size. Another method concerning hands is palm vein authentication which uses an infrared beam to penetrate a persons hand and measure the complexity of the vein patterns within that persons hand. This specific method is more useful than hand geometry measurement because palm vein patterns are internal to the body, and thorny to be counterfeited by an outlawed user.EYES Eyes can be used in two different ways as a p art of a biometrical interrogatory process. Iris examine involves analysis of the rings, furrows, and freckles in the pupil of the eye of a particular human. Retina see involves analysis of the capillary blood vessels located in the back of the eye. deoxyribonucleic acid DNA verification uses analysis of genetic learning found within a specific persons DNA code (or genetic code) as a means of identifying that person. DNA analysis is often used now as a method for identifying composition of a persons child or in rhetorical crime investigations as a evidence for convicting individuals for crimes such as take or rape. ODOR & look Odor and scent analysis is a fairly new development in biometrical analysis and is based on a theory entitled individual odor theory.This theory is premised on the notion that each person has a particular and unique scent. In forensics, odor analysis has been used to identify people by the use of blood hounds (dogs). VOICE abridgment Voice analysis i nvolves analyzing of the pitch, tone, cadence, and frequency of a particular users voice to facilitate authentication. Voice analysis can technically be seen as both a physiological trait as well as a behavioral trait because voice is not only inherent to a specific person, but alike the way that person speaks is besides a unique and mensural trait. SIGNATURE Signature analysis analyzes the way a person writes his/her signature as a basic means of identification.Although handwriting techniques vary for individuals throughout their lifetimes, handwriting identification is seen as a scientifically reliable criterion for measurement. KEYSTROKE Keystroke analysis measures the dynamics of a persons typing rhythms to facilitate authentication of a particular person. Keystroke analysis whitethorn be more useful than other methods of identification because unlike other biometrical authentication methods, keystroke dynamics can still be measured throughout the computer seance even after the access control point has been successfully passed by the user.GAIT Another new developing biometrical technique is one which measures pace which is a persons particular way of walking and facilitating motion. step can be used effectively to recognize people coming in from a distance. COGNITIVE biometrics Cognitive biometrics is also a developing method in biometrics which uses measurements of brain activity responses when triggered by specific stimuli and matched within a computer informationbase as a means for authentication of a particular user of the system. Currently, systems which utilize this kind of method are being created to trigger responses to odor stimuli. In the future, other triggers may be used to create responses.C. PARAMETERSGiven the various methods for stash away biometrical data, each of these techniques must pass a set of parameters to a percentage point in order to be considered as a viable method for integration within a biometrical system. These p arameters include UNIVERSALITY The principle of universality stipulates that every user should have the characteristic. Sometimes, in some cases this may not be true as it the case of a person with no hands who cannot use a hand analysis machine for verification. uniqueness The principle of uniqueness involves the degree of how separable the biometric characteristic is between each individual person. PERMANENCE The principle of permanence involves how well the technique used for measuring is resistant to changes such as aging, human developmental processes such as pregnancy, or things such as plastic surgery.COLLECTABILITY The collectability principle is related to how easy the method is to acquire. Easier methods, as well as more salubrious methods are more exemplar for a viable biometrical system. PERFORMANCE The exploit principle is concerned with the accuracy, speed and the strength of the applied science used to evidence the user. ACCEPTABILITY The acceptableness princ iple is related to the degree of social acclamation for use of the applied science as a means for collecting biometrical data. CIRCUMVENTION Circumvention involves, the biometrical systems ease of adaptation to a rest should the system withdraw one. 1. COMPARISON OF VARIOUS METHODS WITH PARAMETERS(Based on the Comparison of Various Biometric technologies table by A.K. Jain, et. al. 2004) FACE Facial scanning has a juicy train of universality because it is virtually impossible for any living human-being to possess no form of a face. Facial scanning make headway low in its level of uniqueness due to the fact that it can be knotty to distinguish characteristics from person to person at times. This is due to some people having similar features which may be hard to distinguish. In the case of identical twins, this may not be a useful means for authentication at all. Facial scanning rack up a specialty ranking to a lower stern the permanence factor. This is due to the fact th at although a persons substantial facial characteristics never change, they are subject to transformations such as aging, weight gain or loss, and alterations such as plastic surgery or accidents. As far as collectability, facial scanning gobs a high mark due to the fact that, going along with its high level of universality, every living human-being does have a face which is easy to locate on a human body.Facial scanning is low in surgical operation because it can tend to be highly inaccurate due to the dynamical aspect of human faces. Facial scanning also hit high in acceptability as a satisfactory and accepted way people would want to collect their biometrical data, but it pull ahead low in circumvention because it doesnt have an easy substitute which can replace it. Facial thermograph score high in universality, uniqueness, collectability, acceptability, and circumvention. It scores low in permanence and sensitive in performance. FINGERPRINT fingerprint scores medium in i ts level of universality. This is due to the fact that although all people inherently possess fingerprints at birth, fingerprints can still be injuryd via rare skin diseases or through loss of fingers, abrasions, etc.Fingerprinting has a high level of uniqueness and a high level of permanence. Fingerprinting has a medium level of collectability and performance due to the fact that although it is easy to acquire for measurement, there is a 5% disaster to enroll rate which exists for everyone even with good sensors and analysis software. Fingerprinting has a medium level of acceptability by the public as a means for collecting data. This is because although it is an easy method of measurement, it may be unhygienic, inaccurate as well as easy to duplicate unlawfully. Fingerprinting has a high level of circumvention due to its ease of adaptation to a substitute if deemed necessary. HAND Hand geometry scores medium in its universality, uniqueness, permanence, performance, acceptability , and circumvention. Hand geometry scores high in its collectability aspect. Hand vein analysis also scores medium in universality, uniqueness, permanence, collectability, performance, and acceptability but it scores high in circumvention.The overall reason why hand analysis carries a medium ranking in virtually all the parameters listed is because of a human-beings ability to anticipate without them. EYES Eye analysis provides for a more accurate analysis approach in a biometric system. Iris scanning scores high in universality, uniqueness, permanence, performance, and circumvention. This is due to the complexity and exclusivity of iris patterns which does make them a violate choice method of biometric authentication. Iris scanning received a medium score in collectability and a low score in acceptability due to the complexity of the method and its suitability to the general masses. Retinal scanning also received similar scores, scoring high in universality, uniqueness, performan ce, and circumvention receiving a medium score in permanence, and low scores in both its collectability and acceptability. DNA DNA analysis has split results, scoring high in universality, uniqueness, permanence, and performance, and scoring low in collectability, acceptability, and circumvention.Although DNA can be extracted from a numerous amount of different ways, a method of extracting DNA in order to be used in a biometrical authentication system cannot be done without seeming invasive or unsanitary. Also, many people may be concerned with privacy matters concerning DNA analysis. ODOR & SCENT Odor and scent analysis scores high in universality, uniqueness, and permanence. Although scents can be masked by deodorants, fragrances and takeions, the underlying biological scent of a person cannot be concealed. Odor analysis also scores low in collectability, performance, and circumvention, with a medium score in acceptability. VOICE ANALYSIS Voice analysis scores medium in its unive rsality and collectability. It scores low scores in uniqueness, permanence, performance, and circumvention, making it not an ideal method for use in a biometrical system.This is because not only does a persons voice change throughout time, but people can admitingly change their voice or use engineering to change their voice (such as a recording) in order to dupe a system. Voice analysis scores high in acceptability due to the simplicity of the method. SIGNATURE Signature analysis scores low in universality, uniqueness, permanence, performance, and circumvention. It scores high in collectability, and acceptability. Signature analysis may not be an ideal method for authentication because although graphology experts can distinguish identities through meticulous handwriting analysis, it may be more difficult for a biometrical system to accurately analyze differences in handwriting for each individual person.This is because a persons handwriting can change await on various things such as the mood of the person. Also some people may write similarly or use forgery to try to dupe the system. KEYSTROKE Keystroke analysis is another method which may be seen as not as reliable as some of the other methods for collecting biometric information. Although it has the advantage of being able to simultaneously manifest a user while he/she is still within the work session, keystroke analysis scores low for universality, uniqueness, permanence, and performance. It also has medium scores for collectability, acceptability, and circumvention. This may be due to the behavioral aspect of typing which can be intimately changed if a person learns to type in different ways.GAIT tread scores medium in universality and circumvention. Gait has low scores in uniqueness, permanence, and performance. Gait also has high scores in collectability and acceptability. Of all the various methods for collecting biometric data, some of the most reliable methods (according to the table by A.K. Jain et. Al) are iris scanning, retinal scanning, facial thermograph, fingerprint analysis, and DNA analysis. Some of the least reliable methods are keystroke analysis, signature analysis, and voice analysis. Overall, it appears that physiological data is seen as a more reliable method for collecting data than behavioral data.III. BIOMETRIC SYSTEM A. BIOMETRIC SYSTEMA biometrical system although plainly complicated, has only two main steps, regardless of the methodology or the applied science used to facilitate it. The system begins with a process called enrollment which is when the biometric information from individual users is collected and stored within a database and translated into a code or graph. In some instances data may be stored on a smart badger which can be carried away with the user. The next operation of the biometrical system is called testing. During this portion of the system, biometrical data is detected and compared with that which is in the database.In order for a biometrical system to be robust, it is necessary that the storage and retrieval of data within the system be highly secured. (http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Biometric_system_diagram.png/800px-) A biometrical system can carry out two main functions. These include verification or identification. In verification, the systems heading is to authenticate the user in conjunction with another method such as a smart card, a username, or a password. With identification, the systems intention is to authenticate the user only on the groundwork of the biometrical data alone. The goal of this function is to identify the user according to the close match within the allowable limit of the system.B. PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTSThe performance of a biometric systems technology can be broken eat up into a variety of probability descriptions. These descriptions indicate the level of accuracy the system is able to achieve. FAR- The first measurement is entitled False Accept Ra te. This measurement determines the likeliness of a biometric system incorrectly accepting access to the system by an un- definitive user. This measurement is calculated by dividing the number of false acceptances by the number of times an identification attempt has been made. FRR- The second measurement is called a False Rejection Rate which measures the probability that a biometric system will incorrectly reject an authorized user from using the system. This number is calculated by dividing the number of false rejections by the number of authentication attempts. EER- Equal fault rate stands for the rate at which FAR and FRR are equal.This measurement can be used to compare two different biometric systems. Whichever biometric system has a lower EER is considered to be a more accurate system than the other. ROC- pass receiver operating characteristics deals with the systems accuracy within certain environments as it relates to False Rejection and False Acceptance Rate results. FT E- FTE stands for mischance to enroll rate. This measurement is calculated as a percentage of the data which failed to pass through the system due to invalidity. Failure to enroll typically happens when the sample data is of poor quality and does not match the data which is stored in the database of the system. FTC- FTC is the failure to capture rate. This measurement measures the probability that the system will fail to pick up on a biometric characteristic when it is presented accurately. High calculations of this measurement typically mean that this authentication method will be difficult as well as frustrating to use.C. SUSCEPTIBLE AREAS OF ATTACK FOR BIOMETRICSThe threesome most susceptible areas of vulnerability for attack of a biometric system are 1) Copied-biometric attacks- where the attacker obtains a substitute for the true biometric sample in order to cause proper authentication to occur via the normal system procedures. 2) play back attacks- where perpetrators obtain valid templates from the original user and then use them to immediately dupe the biometric system. 3) Database attacks- where perpetrators access a template database and obtain the ability to replace valid templates with invalid ones.IV. ISSUES WITH BIOMETRICSA. IDENTITY THEFT ISSUEAlthough the ideal goal of biometrical authentication is to have ultimate prevention of identity thievery, the issue of an il original user having the ability to commit identity theft still exists within biometrics and can have even more dire circumstances than with non-biometrical authentication systems. Depending on the method used to collect the biometrical data, a persons identity can be stolen easily. An example of this would be in the case of fingerprints which can be taken from inanimate objects such as glassware or metal objects and then duplicated in order to be used to dupe a biometrical system.The main problem concerning this issue is in the fact that if an individuals identification is stole n by another, the legitimate user may never be able to undo the damage which has been created because, unlike with non-biometrical authentication, once biometrical data has been compromised, it is compromised for the entirety of the legitimate users existence. One proposed possible solution for solving the issue of identity theft is to only use a portion of the biometric data, so that if the data does deform compromised, it will not be entirely lost. This way, if one part of the data is stolen, another part of the original users biometric data can be used to replace it.B. PRIVACY ISSUEPrivacy can also be a staggering issue with the implementation of a biometrical system from a societal standpoint. Many people may not care to have all of their biological characteristics recorded on some medium for a variety of reasons. One concern is that if information is recorded on systems used at more than one location or by more than one entity, an individuals movements can be tracked preventin g anonymity. Safety of the legitimate users can become compromised, if malevolent individuals contain to target that person in order to obtain their goal.Another issue regarding privacy involves physical harm which can be done to an individual using a biometrical system. Physical harm can occur by use of unsanitary instruments used in the technology to obtain the biometrical information, which may cause the system to be considered unsafe. Another issue regarding privacy lies with the administrative ability to misuse users biometrical data without the consent of those users. Currently, few regulations exist to protect biometric information of individuals.C. SENSOR OBSTACLESDifferent types of technology (hardware & software) used within different biometrical systems can counteract one another, making it difficult to have standardized biometrical data. One of the reasons this problem exists is because each vendor of biometrical technology generates their own encryption methods for the recorded information. Unfortunately, many of these encryption methods do not coincide with one another making the use of biometrical systems more difficult and less efficient. The only way unification of the different biometrical systems can occur is by a standardizing process which would require exposing of all the concealed data. Unfortunately, this can also present a serious threat.D. FAILURE TO MEET PARAMETERSAnother issue concerning implementation of biometrics is in the issue of a systems failure to meet parameters. In order for biometrical data to be interminable, the biological characteristic must be unique, universal, acceptable, collectible, reliable in regards to the performance and circumvention of the technology used to collect the data, but most importantly, the data must be permanent, which is the most fragile issue concerning the parameters of biometrical data. Unfortunately, most if not all biological characteristics are not guaranteed to be permanent. Many of them can be compromised via accidents, health problems or alterations such as surgery.V. CURRENT USES OF BIOMETRICSAlthough the field of biometrics as a whole is still in need of major development before widespread implementation will ever occur there are some entities including closed-door industry and governmental agencies which currently utilize biometrical technology. Certain examples of American organizations which currently use biometric technology include 1) Walt Disney World Walt Disney World uses fingerprint analysis technology to authenticate the fingerprints of guests in order to ensure that season tickets are used by the authorized ticket owner. This is in order to prevent lost sales through ticket sharing, as well as thefts. 2) First Tech Credit Union First Tech Credit Union is an surgery based credit union which utilizes keystroke recognition technology for authentication of users on its online website.3) Casinos Over 100 American casinos such as the Imperial rook casi no in Las Vegas use facial recognition technology to identify and prevent known cheaters or dishonest patrons from entering into their establishments. 4) Missing Childrens Clearinghouse A West Virginia based organization entitled Missing Childrens Clearinghouse uses biometric technology which utilizes scanned digital photographs to search for missing children. 5) Citibank capital of Singapore Citibank in Singapore uses fingerprint scanning technology for customers who use their clear platinum card for point-of-sale purchases.6) Coca Cola Coca Cola uses hand scanning machines to replace time cards for employees in order to document actor time keepinsg records. 7) Welfare crack-down rising Jersey as well as six other states use biometric technology to crack down on individuals who abuse the welfare system by claiming benefits in multiple names. 8) nonebooks Computer products such as the Compaq Armada E500 are being developed to use fingerprint scanning technology to verify the ident ity of the user. 9) Prisons Up to 100 American Prisons use biometric technology to regulate methadone dispersement among prisoners.VI. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOMETRICSSince the occurrence of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, a surge in the demand for biometric technology has begun. Stocks in publically trade biometric companies such as Visionics, Viisage Technology, and Indentix have soared with the overall biometric technology industry projected to have revenues approaching $10 one million million million dollars annually by 2020. Emerging trends for future uses of biometric technology seem to tip more towards law enforcement, homeland security, and security within certain types of private industry such as in airport security or finance. Many credit card companies such as Mastercard and Visa are beginning to implement biometric authentication methods to verify card users. Also, the Immigration and naturalisation Service may begin implementing biometric technologies to i dentify illegal immigrants.Certain types of biometric technology which are becoming more widespread include access control facial recognition technology which is used to permit only authorized individuals to enter upon certain facilities, facial recognition passive surveillance technology which is used to monitor premises in order to identify possible terrorists or suspect individuals, and alert management which includes the use of real-time technology in association with biometric technology to provide security alerts of potential security breaches. Applications which use biometric technology will also have an effect on commerce, particularly in e-commerce to provide extra security for online purchases, and installation within certain personal items such as cars and cell phones.VII. CONCLUSIONAlthough not that long ago, the concept of having biometric technology as a part of our mainstream gild may have been seen as a science-fictional impossibility, technological innovation has expectant to the point where it is becoming more and more of a reality. Although we are not quite ready for widespread implementation of this technology, as the need for better hi-tech security increases, research as well as investor and consumer federal agency and innovation within the biometric industry is also expected to improve. Although no integrity biometric system method is without flaws, combinations of these various methods and technologies may provide the ideal security that we hope to attain one day.CHAPTER IIIMETHODOLOGYThere was difficulty in determining the real students of the University of Baguio because of the hard-headed students who cannot abide with the simple rules and regulations which was the reoccurring problems of the security. Due to this problem, the mandos and magnas can easily enter the schools premises victimizing a lot of students. This was one of the reasons why such simple violations became a huge problem for the school.Regarding this matter, the group came up with an idea for a topic for their action research. in the lead they finalize their topic, the group went to the Office of the Student Affairs and interviewed the dean to know which rules are commonly violated by the students. aft(prenominal) the interview, the group set that the rules which are commonly violated are a) wearing of I.Ds inside the school campus and b) wearing of uniforms on the designated days.The group then convened and finalized their topic that would focus on A proposed Biometric ID system to control the reoccurring violations by University of Baguio students. Since there was already a topic to be talked about in the research, the group started to gather data which were relevant to the research proper like that of related studies and researches and terms that are significant to the study. After collecting relevant information for the research, the group fain communication letters addressed to the deans of the different schools of the University a nd respondents likewise with the survey questionnaire. Upon eulogy of the deans of the different schools, the group administered the questionnaires to the respondents.The survey forms were distributed to the eleven schools of the University having ten (10) respondents each to see which results have the same percentage which were used to know the reasons behind these actions. After distributing the survey questionnaires, the group then retrieve the questionnaires and start tabulating the results. The tabulated data showed the reasons why the students violate these simple policies of the school.The result of the survey supported the proposal that were passed to the Board of Directors. The group then proposed the biometric ID system that will be put up in every entrances and exits of the buildings in the University. The biometric ID system will most believably be very costly but disregarding such amount, the administration will approve it and immediately ordered the said system. By t he time the systems that had been ordered arrive, the people designated by the higher ops will put up such systems on the designated areas to make the University a safe and humane place to study.CONCLUSIONIn light of the findings, the following conclusions are hereby presented Not wearing of ID has been a habit of the students. Sometimes the teachers themselves forget to check their students ID. The security guard also are not lenient in checking the IDs of these students. Because of this military posture most number of the student no longer uses their IDs. The students think that it is just fine not use their IDs.The researchers are found out that the school really need a biometric ID system. Approximately, one unit of the biometric system will cost more or less two hundred litre thousand pesos. In such case the University of Baguio can still present this system since it does not only help the students but it can also secure their safetyWith the help of this proposal it will less en the incumbrance of the security personnel. This proposal can also lessen the number of students violating the proper use of IDs. In such situation students can no longer use any ID because of the presence of finger prints. The students whether they like it or not would still be forced to use their IDs. Also, this proposal can help in the security of the school campus because outsiders can no longer come in because of the presence of finger prints.RECOMMENDATIONDrawing from the conclusions that the researchers arrived at, the following recommendations are forwarded. The researchers would recommend the strict implementation of the rules and regulations of the university and the maintenance of the biometric ID system. In addition, each of the gate should be closed. Also, the lenient checking on the wearing of IDs should be done. The guards should monitor every student entering the university. In case the students lost their IDs, we recommend that a password that would allow them to enter would be provided by the OSA during the time of the IDs loss.BIBLIOGRAPHYBOOKS* Addiction Today, Sept. 27, 2008. Prisons Use Biometrics to Manage Methadone. * Germain, Jack M., Sept. 11, 2003. Beyond Biometrics New Strategies for Security. * New York Times, Nov. 15, 2008. Technology and Media, a Surge in the involve to use Biometrics. * Osborn, Alice, Aug. 17, 2005. Future of Biometrics-Trends and Emerging Uses for Biometric Technology. * Panko, Raymond R., Corporate Computer and Network Security. New Jersey Prentice Hall, 2004. * Risk Management, Mar. 15, 2005. Biometrics The Future is Now. * Technology and military man Values Senior Seminar, 2008. Biometrics. * Tilton, Catherine J., Feb. 2006. The Role of Biometrics in Enterprise Security. * Wikepedia, Nov. 13, 2008. Biometrics.ONLINE* http//www.addictiontoday.org/addictiontoday/2008/09/prisons-use-bio.html. * http//www.ecommercetimes.com/story/31547.html?wlc=1226777438 * .http//query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0 6E0DB163EF934A25751C1A9679C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1 * http//www.video-surveillance-guide.com/future-of-biometrics.htm * http//www.riskmanagementmagazine.com.au/articles/FF/0C02DDFF.asp?Type=124&Category=1240 * http//www.dell.com/downloads/global/ top executive/ps1q06-20050132-Tilton-OE.pdf . * http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometricscite_note-jain_short_article-20 .